Prizes and Awards



OTHER AWARDS

Throughout the world, there are literally hundreds of other prizes and awards given by various organizations, including national film industry associations, cinema organizations, film workers organizations, and film fan groups. There are also numerous awards for independent films, including the Independent Golden Spirit Awards (in addition to other awards organized by chapters of the Independent Feature Project), and the Chlotrudis Awards, offered by the Society for Independent Film. Fan awards are given by various groups, including the online site, Moviefone (owned by America Online, http://www.movies.aol.com), which has organized the Moviegoer Awards since 1995, and AtomFilms ( http://www.atomfilms.com ), which offers the Star Wars Fan Film Awards.

Of course, there are also awards honoring the worst films of the year, including the "Razzies," presented by the Golden Raspberry Award Foundation since 1980, and the "Stinkers," awarded by the Bad Cinema Society since 1979. For more information, see, the film-oriented Website, Internet Movie Database ( http://www.imdb.com ), which offers an extensive list of awards and festivals—from the Ariel Awards (in Mexico) to the Zulu Awards (in Denmark)—and lists awards for individual films by year from 1893 to the present day. Another site that follows film (and other show business) awards is Showbiz Awards' Gold Derby ( http://www.goldderby.com ).

SEE ALSO Academy Awards ® ; Festivals ; Publicity and Promotion

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Donahue, S. M. American Film Distribution: The Changing Marketplace , Ann Arbor, MI: UMI Research Press, 1987.

Gebert, Michael. The Encyclopedia of Movie Awards. New York: St. Martin's, 1996.

Hammer, Tad Bentley. International Film Prizes: An Encyclopedia . New York: Garland, 1991.

Levy, Emanuel. All About Oscar ® : The History and Politics of the Academy Awards ® . New York: Continuum, 2003.

Nelson, Randy A., Michael R. Donihue, Donald M. Waldman, and Calbraith Wheaton, "What's an Oscar ® Worth?" Economic Inquiry (January 2001): 1.

O'Neil, Thomas. Movie Awards: The Ultimate, Unofficial Guide to the Oscars ® , Golden Globes, Critics, Guild and Indie Honors. New York: Perigree, 2003.

Osborne, Robert. 75 Years of the Oscar ® : The Official History of the Academy Awards ® . New York: Abbeville, 2003.

Janet Wasko



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